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61.
Prof. Dr. Bernd Lucke ist Direktor des Instituts für Wachstum und Konjunktur an der Universit?t Hamburg. 《Wirtschaftsdienst》2006,86(3):204-208
In der Januarausgabe des WIRTSCHAFTSDIENST ver?ffentlichten wir einen Aufsatz von Professor Fritz Helmedag über die „Abh?ngigkeit
der Besch?ftigung von Steuern, Budgetdefiziten und L?hnen“. Hierzu eine Replik von Professor Bernd Lucke und eine Erwiderung
von Professor Fritz Helmedag. 相似文献
62.
The tourism industry is one of the largest industries in the world, and despite recent events that have made its operating
environment more complex, the industry continues to grow [Theobald, 2005, Global Tourism, 3rd edn., Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier]. Commensurate to the size of the industry is a growth in the number of students pursuing
degree courses in tourism around the world. Despite an increasingly sophisticated literature, the relative recency of the
industry and its study has meant little attention has been paid in the ethics literature to the dilemmas facing tourism managers
and its students. Based on interviews with senior members of the tourism industry six scenarios are developed with pertinence
to the challenges faced by industry practitioners today. This paper then applies the Multidimensional Ethics Scale [Reidenbach
and Robin, 1990, Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 639–653] to tourism students at three prominent universities in the U.K., Canada and Australia. In total, 438 responses
are achieved. The results have importance for the instruction of tourism students for the future, but also in informing decisions
about the tools tourism destinations can effectively employ to control the future direction of the industry 相似文献
63.
Small and medium-sized establishments (SMEs) account for a large proportion of industrial employment and production in almost
all countries. Moreover, the recent literature emphasizes the role SMEs play in nurturing entrepreneurship and generating
new
products and processes. Although SMEs could be a source of new ideas and innovations, there are substantial productivity differences
between small and large establishments.
In this paper, we analyze three sources of productivity differentials: technical efficiency, returns to scale, and technical
change. Our analysis on the creation, survival,
and growth of new establishments in Turkish manufacturing industries in the period 1987–1997 shows that all these three factors
play a very important role in determining
the survival probability and growth prospects of new establishments. 相似文献
64.
The dynamics of a board of directors resemble those of other groups. They are either positive or negative in their flow of communication, their dispute resolution style, their problem solving ability and their ability to make decisions. This article discusses a model of change theory that is used in evaluating the effectiveness of a board of directors and assisting it to make changes for the betterment of the organization it serves. 相似文献
65.
This paper extends Evans and Jovanovic’s (1989) (EJ) model to explicitly consider the latent entrepreneur’s consumption-leisure preference structure, and shows that an increase in his or her assets encourages entrepreneurial activity. This result indicates that EJ’s finding may hold without the assumption of liquidity constraints. 相似文献
66.
Reinhard?Steurerreinhard.steurer@wu-wien.ac.at" title="reist@gmx.net reinhard.steurer@wu-wien.ac.at" itemprop="email" data-track="click" data-track-action="Email author" data-track-label="">Email author Markus?E.?Langer Astrid?Konrad André?Martinuzzi 《Journal of Business Ethics》2005,61(3):263-281
Sustainable development (SD) – that is, “Development that meets the needs of current generations without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their needs and aspirations” – can be pursued in many different ways. Stakeholder relations
management (SRM) is one such way, through which corporations are confronted with economic, social, and environmental stakeholder
claims. This paper lays the groundwork for an empirical analysis of the question of how far SD can be achieved through SRM.
It describes the so-called SD–SRM perspective as a distinctive research approach and shows how it relates to the wider body
of stakeholder theory. Next, the concept of SD is operationalized for the microeconomic level with reference to important
documents. Based on the ensuing SD framework, it is shown how SD and SRM relate to each other, and how the two concepts relate
to other popular concepts such as Corporate Sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility. The paper concludes that the
significance of societal guiding models such as SD and of management approaches like CSR is strongly dependent on their footing
in society.
Reinhard Steurer is a senior researcher and lecturer at the Research Institute for Managing Sustainability at the Vienna University
of Economics and Business Adminstration. His research focuses on the changing roles of states, businesses and civil societies
in the context of sustainable development. He is author and co-author of numerous articles, dealing with questions of how
governments and businesses tackle the challenge of sustainable development, and what the two societal domains can learn from
each other in doing so. He holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Salzburg/Austria, and a Masters in Public
Policy from the University of Maryland/U.S.A.
Markus E. Langer studied ecology and environmental economics at the
University of Vienna and the Vienna University of Economics and Business Adminstration as well as industrial environmental
management at Yale University. He is currently working as
Managing Director of FORUM Umweltbildung. Previously he was working since 1999 as a senior researcher and lecturer at the
Research Institute for Managing Sustainability at the Vienna
University of Economics and Business Adminstration. His research focused on the Evaluation of Sustainable Development as well
as Corporate Social Responsibility and Stakeholder Management.
Astrid Konrad studied business administration at the University of Graz. She has been working at the Research Institute for
Managing Sustainability at the Vienna University of Economics and Business Adminstration since 2002. Her research focus is
on Corporate Social Responsibility and Stakeholder Management.
André Martinuzzi studied business adminstration at the Vienna
University of Economics and Business Administration. He is working as a project manager at the Department of Environmental
Economics and Management since 1993, as a lecturer at the Vienna University of Economics and Business Adminstration and leads
the Managing Sustainability Research Centre since 1999. Since 2001 he worked as a scientific coordinator of Austria’s Sustainability
Strategy. In 2003 he worked as a scientific editor of the Corporate Social Responsibility vision statement of the Austrian
Industry and as a process consultant for the Austrian Forest Program. Research areas: Eco-Consulting, Corporate Sustainability,
Evaluating Sustainable Development, Sustainability Strategies and Stakeholder Dialogues. 相似文献
67.
Robert?LensinkEmail author Paul?van?Steen Elmer?Sterken 《Small Business Economics》2005,24(4):381-391
Using data from a survey of 1,097 small and medium-sized non-listed Dutch firms we investigate the relation between growth of the firm and uncertainty. We focus on the impact of sales uncertainty on various types of investment. We find that sales uncertainty, measured by the conditional variance, has a mixed impact on various investment decisions. We include an analysis of the relevance of financial structure and firm size on the growth-uncertainty relation. 相似文献
68.
Towhidul Islam Jordan J. Louviere Paul F. Burke 《International Journal of Research in Marketing》2007,24(4):289-300
This paper examines the impact of attribute presence/absence in choice experiments using covariance heterogeneity models and random coefficient models. Results show that attribute presence/absence impacts both mean utility (systematic components) and choice variability (random components). Biased mean effects can occur by not accounting for choice variability. Further, even if one accounts for choice variability, attribute effects can differ because of attribute presence/absence. Managers who use choice experiments to study product changes or new variants should be cautious about excluding potentially essential attributes. Although including more relevant attributes increases choice variability, it also reduces bias. 相似文献
69.
Numerous studies have documented the demand for information regarding corporations’ relationships to society. Much recent research has demonstrated why stakeholders need this information, and how it benefits both companies and the public. These studies suggest numerous methods by which companies can effectively disclose corporate social responsibility (CSR) information to the public, but in practice, reporting this type of information is fraught with legal and ethical uncertainty often unexplored in most literature. This article represents a fresh analysis of the numerous pragmatic consequences and legal and ethical complications inherent in CSR reporting, using Nike Corporation as a case example. The article discusses the theoretical viewpoints surrounding the ethics of CSR disclosure, and presents the case of Nike and the complications it encountered while advertising CSR information. The article ends with an analysis of CSR auditing as a possible solution to companies seeking to improve the method and transparency of social responsibility reporting. 相似文献
70.
The Internationalization of Small and Medium-Sized Firms 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dirk?De?ClercqEmail author Harry?J.?Sapienza Hans?Crijns 《Small Business Economics》2005,24(4):409-419
This paper contributes to the existing research by integrating the notions of organizational learning and entrepreneurial orientation into the body of international entrepreneurship. Our primary framework combines learning theory and the new venture theory of internationalization to study the extent to which small and medium-sized companies engage in international activities. We found that the firms’ international learning effort and entrepreneurial orientation are positively associated with internationalization intent whereas domestic learning effort is negatively related with internationalization intent. Overall, our results suggest (1) that intensive knowledge renewal and exploitation regarding foreign markets and the internationalization process itself may increase internationalization by affecting the perceptions of opportunities offered by further international expansion, and (2) that firms with an entrepreneurial mindset may be more likely to develop a long-term, substantial presence in the international arena, compared to firms that are more reactive or conservative. 相似文献